Nur 33:
- Evlenme imkanı bulamayanlar ise, Allah (cc) lutfu ile onları varlıklı kılıncaya kadar iffetlerini korusunlar. Yasal olarak sahip olduğunuz kimselerden, mukatebe yapmak isteyenlerle, eğer onlarda bir hayır görüyorsanız, mukatebe yapın. Allah(cc)'ın size verdiği maldan size de onlara verin. Dünya hayatının geçici menfaatleri için, eğer (istemediği biriyle evlenmeyip evde) namuslu kalmak isteyen kızlarınızı (فَتَيَاتِكُمْ), şu hayatın malını arzu ederek, (zorla evlendirmeye kalkarak) isyana(الْبِغَاء) zorlamayın. Kim onları zor altından bırakırsa, zorlanmadan sonra, Allah(cc) onlar için çok bağışlayıcı ve merhamet edicidir.
(F-T-Y ف ت یاَلْفَتَاءُ “ ” (al-fata-u): youth, prime.
الَفتَٰی“ ” (al-fata): young man. Later this word also came to mean slave, whether he be young or old or of
any age.
فَتًی“ ” (fatan): slave man
فتَاَ ة “ٌ ” (fataat): slave woman {T, M}.
Meaning a young man “ فَتًی ” (fatan) has appeared in (21:60). The feminine is “ فتَيَاَنِ ” (fatayaan) as in
(12:36). The plural is “ فِتْيَۃ ” (fityah) as in (18:80).
فتِْياَنٌ “ ” (fityaan) is also a plural (12:62). The plural of “ فَتَا ة ” (fataat) is “ فتَيَاَتٌ ” (fatayaat) as in (4:25).
Ibn Faris says that the root has two basic meanings:
1) Freshness and to be new. The meaning youth is derived from this.
2) To make a decision or an order evident and explained.
اَفْتٰی“ ” (aftaa): to issue an order, to issue an edict, to answer a question. It is said to have been derived
from the word “ فتَیً ” (fatan) i.e. youth who has freshness and strength {T, M}. This would mean that to
issue an edict one must possess freshness and strength (of knowledge). It may also have been derived
from “ اَلْفُتُوَّة ” (al-futuwwah) which means philanthropy {T, M}.
اَفْتٰی“ ” (aftaa) also means to order.
قلُِ للهّٰ يُفتْيِکُْمْ “ ” (qulil laahu yuftikum): Say, Allah will answer you about the right decision (4:176)
اِسْتفَْتٰی فتویٰ “ ” (istafta): to seek decision or edict (4:176).اَلْبَغْی“ ” (al-baghyi) is the wish to overstep the middle path (regardless of whether one can actually do orB-Gh-Y ب غ ی
not).
اَلْبَغْیُ “ ” (al-baghyo): too much rain that exceeds all measures.
بَغَتِ السَّمَاءُ “ ” (baghatis samai) is the cloud that exceeds its limit, meaning that it rained a lot. These are the
basic meanings of this word.
Ibn Faris says it basically means to ask for something and to be spoilt.
فِءَة باَغِيۃَ “ٌ ” (fe’ateh baghia) is a party or group that opposes the order and rebel.
الَْبغََاياَ“ ” (al-baghya) are those soldiers who move ahead for making prior arrangements.
بغَٰی يبَْغِیْ “ ” (bagha yabgha): he became too proud and exceeded his limits.
تبَاَغَوْا“ ” (tabaghau): to commit excesses on one another.
بَغَتِ ا لمَ رْ اَة بغَِاءً “ ” (baghatil mar’ato begha’a): the woman exceeded the limits of decency.
بَغِیٌّ “ ” (baghyun) and “ بَغُوٌّ ” (baghu’a) is a fornicating woman.
بغَٰی عَليَْہِ “ ” (bagha alaih) is to commit excess against or on someone, to oppress someone, to be high
handed against somebody, and be jealous of someone. If the envy is for a good thing then the envy also
becomes good otherwise not {T}.
اِبْتِغَاءٌ “ ” (ibtigha): to struggle in pursuit of something. If the search is for something good, then the search
becomes limited, otherwise a wild chase {T}.
البَْغِيْۃَ “ ” (al-bighyah) and “ البَْغَيْۃَ ” (al-bughiya) is the thing which is being looked for, which one intends to
possess. It also means something which is lost and for which a great search is mounted.
اَلْباَغِیْ “ ” (al-ba’ghi) also means one who searches {T}.
اِنْبَغٰی الشَّيْیٌ “ ” (in bagh-ash shaiyi) is for something to become easy, to be acquired, or to be befitting.
مَا ينَْبغَِیْ “ ” (ma yanbaghi): this is not correct or proper, or this is not possible, or this is not permitted {T}.
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