Zümer 5:

•  Allah(cc), gökleri ve yeri hikmetle ve hak bir gaye ile yarattı. Devamlı sürette geceyi gündüze dolar, gündüzü de geceye dolar. Güneş ve ay'ı da sizin hizmetinize veren O'dur. Onlardan her biri belirli bir süreye kadar akarcasına hareket ederler. İyi bilin ki, O aziz ve gafur'dur.
  (
  Bu âyette geçen tekvir: “Baş gibi yuvarlak bir cismin etrafında bir şeyi, mesela sarığı dolaştırıp sarmak” demektir. S. Kutub der ki: “Bu tekvir tabiri, arzda görünen müşahhas bir durumu tasvir etmektedir. Yerküre, güneşin karşısında kendi mihveri etrafında  dönmektedir.  Arzın  yuvarlak  olan  sathından,  güneşe  karşı  olan  kısmını aydınlık kaplar ve gündüz olur. Fakat bu aydınlık kısım devam etmez; çünkü arz dönmektedir. Yer hareket ettikçe gece başlar ve üzerinde gündüz bulunmayan kısım karanlığa bürünür. Arzın sathı yuvarlak olduğu için, üstünde gündüz olan yerler de yuvarlaktır. Tabiatıyla onu takib eden gece olan yerler de yuvarlak olacaktır. Bir süre sonra öbür taraftan gündüz başlar ve gecenin üzerine dolanır. Ve bu hareket böylece devam eder: “Geceyi gündüze, gündüzü geceye dolar.” Kullanılan kelime, şekli çizmektedir  (...) Yer‟in küre şeklinde oluşu ve dönmesi,  tekvir tabirini son derece dakik bir tarzda tefsir etmektedir.”.SY
  
  Muheet with reference to the Keys has said that “ غَفْرٌ ” (ghaf’r) means to cover somebody in such a wear
  that protects him from garbage or unclean things etc. {M}. As such there are elements of safekeeping and
  hiding in this word.
  غَفْرٌ “ ” (ghaf’r): to hide behind a cover.
  غَف رَ الْمَتَاعَ فِی الْوِعَاءِ “ ” (ghafaral mata’aa fil wi’aa’ee): to hide goods in some utensil {T}, and in this way
  keep it safe.
  اَ لمغِفْرَُ “ ” (al-mighfaru) and “ اَلْغِفَارَة ” (al-ghifaratu): armor built from iron rings that is worn underneath the
  main armor and which covers the shoulders and neck so that the wearer can be kept safe from any attack
  of a sword or a spear, etc.
  اَلْغِفَارَة “ ” (al-ghifaratu): a band alike wear which women use on their heads so that their head wear is kept
  safe from the oil in their hair. Then they also wear a cloth sheet over it.
  اَلْجَمَّاءُ الْغَفِيْرُ “ ” (al-hamma’ol ghafitu): the hood that covers the entire head and thus keeps it safe {T}.
  اَلغْفَرُْ “ ” (al-ghafru) and “ اَلْغُفْرَانُ ” (al-ghufraan) also mean the same thing {F}.
  
  So this makes the meaning of “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat) clear i.e. protection. When a nation adopts the wrong path then the effects of this wrong path start appearing gradually. But if a nation progresses so far down the wrong road that it is put into annihilation, and repents and adopts the right path, then it undergoes a double effect. One effect is that it is protected from annihilation and the good effects of the right path start appearing on the horizon. In order to make these good results permanent the issue of protection is also
  quite necessary. This is like first adopting preventive techniques and then undertaking curative procedures. In the same way it is necessary for a healthy man to continue to take a regular diet of healthy food which can contribute to his development.
  1) If a nation working on the wrong path at some stage wants to reform and turns for guidance and solace under the laws of Allah then such energy begins to form within itself which protects it from the former
  wrong path. This is its “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat).
  The process of reforming ones wrongs is called “ تَوْبَۃ ” (taubah). See heading (T-W-B).
  2) A nation that follows the laws of Allah is protected from the machinations of the destructive forces which continue to plan the nation’s destruction. This is their “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat).
  3) To create such forces within self that will protect from the effects of destructive elements by following the laws of Allah and collectively continue to provide the means of protection for a nation is to ask for Allah’s protection or “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat).
  As such the author of Muheet says that “ اِسْتِغْفَارٌ ” (al-istighfaar) means to strive for reform through words and deed or to ask for Allah’s protection. “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat) means to save a man from the punishment that he has rendered himself prone to by following a wrong path {M}.
  Taj-ul-Uroos says “ غَف رَ الْاَمْ رَ بِغُفْرَتِہٖ ” (ghafaral amra bighuf’ratihi) means “he straightened the matter in such a way as was required to put it right” {T}.
  We generally believe that “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat) means for Allah to forgive the sins of a person. The concept of blessed forgiveness is against the concept of the Quran. With reference to the law of requital every deed has a consequence. Wrong deeds produce wrong results and good deeds produce positive results.
  The act of blessing forgiveness for a wrong deed which is going have a wrong result is a meaningless thing. This concept is the product of the monarchy/dictatorships where the king/rules used to forgive the crime or faults of his subjects according to his will.
  The Quranic reward for good deeds is the environment of jannat. This can only be achieved through good deeds and not through some benevolence. The Quran says that good deeds create a force within a person that protects him from evil forces. This is the Quranic meaning of “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat) of Allah.
  We see that a weakened man is quickly attacked by some disease than others. This means that this man’s protective or defensive forces have become weak hence he cannot fight the germs successfully. The only cure is that this man develops enough strength to fight the germs and defeat them. The creation of such protective forces within oneself is called “ اِسْتغَْفاَرٌ ” (istighfaar). Obviously this strength cannot be obtained simply by repeating words like “َ اَستْغَفْرُِ لله ” (astaghfirullah) over and over again over some bead string.
  This can be obtained only through deeds that can develop the growth of a person.
  Allah is Merciful i.e. by following His laws this sort of energy can be created and it is incumbent upon the momins that they continue to do this “ اِسْتَغْفَارٌ ” (istighfaar), i.e. do good deeds that create this protective force within themselves.
  As such the Quran says “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat) in (2:221) and “ غُفْرَانٌ ” (ghufraan) in (2:285). These words mean protection and sanctuary.
  غَافرٌِ “ ” (ghaafir) in ( غَفُوْرٌ “ ,( 7:155 ” (ghafoor) in (7:153) and “ غَفَّارٌ ” (ghaffar) in (20:82) would mean one who provides protection with the difference that “ غَافرِ ” (ghaafir) is a verbal noun or gerund and “ ”غَفُوْرٌ (ghafoor) and “ غَفاَّرٌ ” (ghaffaar) are nouns of exaggeration.
  As has been said under the heading (Ain-F-W), “ عَفْوٌ ” (afwun) means to remove the effects of the bad deeds after punishment.
  مَغْفِرَة “ ” (maghfirat): to protect one even from the beginning of those effects.
  As such the Quran has used “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat) against punishment in (2:175), (3:128).
  In verse (2:268) of Surah Al-Baqrah “ مَغْفِرَة ” (maghfirat) has been used against “ فَقْرٌ ” (faqroon) to means protection from deprivation and poverty.LUQ
  
  
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